Saudi Arabia's skies witness a fifth conjunction: an astronomical phenomenon and climatic changes
The skies of Saudi Arabia will witness a remarkable astronomical event tonight: the conjunction of the Pleiades star cluster with the moon. This phenomenon is known in popular and astronomical tradition as the fifth conjunction. It is considered one of the most important seasonal signs associated with the beginning of the second month of spring, and is eagerly anticipated by those interested in weather and agriculture due to the accompanying noticeable climatic changes, increased growth of wild plants, and the larger size of truffles during this time of year.
The historical roots of the phenomenon of fifth marriage in Arab heritage
The lives of the Arabs in the Arabian Peninsula have always been intertwined with observing the sky and the movement of the stars, a practice known in ancient times as "the science of weather forecasting." In this context, the conjunction of fifth moon element of a precise natural calendar adopted by their ancestors to determine the seasons for planting, grazing, and migration. The Pleiades, one of the most famous open star clusters in the constellation Taurus, held a special place in Arabic poetry and literature, as its conjunction with the moon was considered a definitive sign of the end of the harsh winter and the beginning of warmer weather. This historical reliance was not merely a casual observation, but rather a comprehensive system that ensured the sustainability of life in a desert environment that demanded a deep understanding of weather patterns.
Fifth spring of Tams: Astronomical and climatic indications
Mohammed Anad Al-Hazimi, a member of the Astronomy and Space Club, explained that this conjunction is known in popular tradition as the “fifth of Rabi’ Tamis,” a clear indication of improved weather conditions and a noticeable moderation in temperatures. He pointed out that Tuesday, March 24, 2026 (5 Shawwal 1447 AH), will mark the beginning of a new cycle of this phenomenon, which Bedouin people consider a reliable indicator that spring has reached its peak. This conjunction lasts for approximately 27 days, during which the atmosphere experiences positive climatic shifts that contribute to an abundance of wild plants and a general flourishing of vegetation.
Regional and local impact on the environment and agriculture
The importance of this astronomical phenomenon extends beyond mere observation; its impact encompasses vital sectors at the local and regional levels. With the onset of this new climatic phase, ecotourism and camping flourish across the Kingdom and the Gulf region, as deserts transform into lush green landscapes. This season also coincides with the final weeks of the truffle harvest in several parts of the Kingdom, representing a significant economic and cultural resource for local communities. Furthermore, farmers utilize this period to determine the optimal planting times for crops requiring moderate temperatures, reflecting the direct influence of celestial movements on food security and the agricultural economy. These phenomena continue to garner the attention of astronomy enthusiasts and those interested in folklore, serving as a precise natural indicator of the beginning of a new climatic phase that imbues nature with a renewed vitality.
