WHO monitors hybrid monkeypox variant: details of cases and risks
In a new epidemiological development that warrants scientific attention, the World Health Organization announced the detection of two cases of a new variant of the monkeypox (Mpox), characterized by its structural fusion of two different strains. These cases were discovered in the United Kingdom and India, highlighting the importance of global epidemiological surveillance systems in tracking viral mutations.
Details of the new genetic mutation
The organization explained that detailed genetic analysis of the virus revealed it contains genetic elements from both strains Ib and IIb. Scientists indicate that this type of mutation typically occurs when a person is infected with two different strains of the virus simultaneously, allowing the virus's genetic material to combine and form a new genetic makeup. Despite the complexity of this combination, initial analyses of the two cases recorded in the UK and India showed that those infected did not experience severe symptoms, and no secondary transmission to contacts was detected, which is a reassuring sign at present.
Historical context and virus evolution
To understand the significance of this event, it is necessary to consider the broader context of monkeypox virus. Historically, the virus is divided into two main groups (strains): Clade I, endemic to the Congo Basin in Central Africa and considered more virulent, and Clade II, endemic to West Africa, which caused the major global outbreak in 2022. More recently, the spread of subclade Ib in the Democratic Republic of Congo and neighboring countries has raised international concern, prompting the WHO to declare a public health emergency. This makes monitoring any overlap between these strains crucial for understanding the evolution of the epidemic.
Risk assessment and international recommendations
Despite the detection of this hybrid variant, the World Health Organization (WHO) has confirmed that this development does not alter the current public health risk assessment. The risk level remains classified as “moderate” for high-risk groups (such as immunocompromised individuals) and “low” for the general population. The WHO emphasizes the need for countries to continue strengthening their laboratory capabilities for viral genetic sequencing, as well as for individuals to adhere to general preventive measures and avoid direct contact with infected individuals or contaminated objects, to ensure the containment of any potential outbreaks.
