The secret behind the coolness of the marble in the circumambulation area of the Grand Mosque in Mecca, despite the heat of the sun
The moderate temperature of the Mataf floor in the Grand Mosque amazes millions of pilgrims and Umrah performers, who circumambulate the Holy Kaaba barefoot in the middle of the day. Despite the scorching vertical rays of the sun in Mecca, these floors remain cool and refreshing, raising constant questions about the secret behind this unique phenomenon that combines the geology of nature and precise engineering.
Characteristics of Greek "Thassos" marble
The key lies in the quality of the marble used: the rare Thassos marble, specially imported for the Grand Mosque in Mecca from the island of Thassos in Greece. This type of marble is distinguished by its exceptional physical properties, most notably its brilliant white color and fine crystalline structure, which acts as a natural mirror reflecting light and heat. Unlike other types of granite and marble that absorb and retain heat, Thassos marble has extremely low porosity and high density, preventing the absorption of sunlight and keeping its surface cool even in temperatures exceeding 45 degrees Celsius.
Installation engineering and insulation techniques
It's not just the type of stone that matters; the engineering techniques used in its installation play a crucial role. The General Presidency for the Affairs of the Two Holy Mosques adheres to strict standards, with each marble slab reaching a thickness of 5 centimeters—a thickness exceeding standard construction practices, thus enhancing its thermal insulation properties. Furthermore, the marble is installed using sophisticated methods that ensure precise voids and a balanced structure, preventing heat transfer from the subterranean soil to the surface and guaranteeing efficient natural cooling throughout the day.
Saudi care for the pilgrims
The use of this luxurious and expensive type of marble is part of a long history of Saudi care for the Two Holy Mosques. The Kingdom began importing this marble decades ago as part of its major expansion projects, aiming to provide maximum comfort for pilgrims performing Tawaf and prayers. This step is part of a comprehensive system of services designed to facilitate the performance of rituals, as the coolness of the Mataf (circumambulation area) helps protect pilgrims from burns and heat exhaustion, enabling them to perform their rituals with devotion and tranquility in all weather conditions.
Health and environmental impact
This technology has a significant health benefit, as the coolness of the marble protects the feet of pilgrims from blisters and other health problems that can result from walking long distances on hot surfaces. The circumambulation area (Mataf) thus becomes a safe and healthy environment, reflecting the commitment of the relevant authorities to utilize the best available resources and technology to serve those visiting the Grand Mosque, ensuring that this great Islamic landmark remains a beacon of tranquility and comfort.
