Saudi Arabia's spaceport regulations: licensing and operating requirements

In a strategic move aimed at solidifying Saudi Arabia's position as a leading regional and international hub in the space sector, the Communications, Space and Technology Commission (CSTC) has released the Spaceport Regulations document through the "Istilaa" platform. This initiative aims to establish a comprehensive legislative framework governing the construction and operation of spaceports, whether land-based, sea-based, or air-based, ensuring operational safety and fostering a more attractive investment environment in this vital sector.

Strategic context: Space within Vision 2030

These new regulations align with the goals of Saudi Vision 2030, which prioritizes the space sector as a key driver of economic diversification and technological innovation. Following the Kingdom's recent successes in sending astronauts to the International Space Station, it is now moving to the stage of establishing the necessary infrastructure to host and operate launches locally. This transformation not only strengthens national sovereignty in the space sector but also opens up vast opportunities to attract global space technology companies to invest and operate from within Saudi Arabia.

Separating construction and operation: a precise organizational structure

The authority clarified in its draft the necessity of separating the licensing between the construction and operation phases, in order to ensure the highest standards of specialization and safety:

• Spaceport construction license: The entity that obtains it is obligated to actually start construction work within a period not exceeding 12 months from the date of grant, to ensure the seriousness of investors and to avoid reserving licenses without implementation.
• Spaceport operating license: This is an independent license valid for at least 15 years, and is granted to entities that demonstrate competence in managing the complex operations of launch and landing.

The authority indicated the possibility of combining the two licenses in specific cases that serve the national interest and market requirements, while emphasizing the need to comply with the regulations issued by other relevant government agencies.

Safety standards and environmental impact

The regulations did not overlook environmental and security aspects, requiring comprehensive environmental impact assessments and thorough analyses of potential risks. These analyses include studying flight paths, space debris risks, and the impact of operations on populated areas. Operators are also required to develop a comprehensive "operating manual," updated annually, outlining safety procedures, organizational structure, and emergency plans to ensure the protection of lives and property.

International obligations and the economic dimension

The document affirmed the Kingdom's commitment to international agreements and treaties related to outer space, including agreements on the rescue of astronauts and the recovery of launched objects. This clear regulatory framework is expected to enhance the confidence of the international community and investors in the Saudi space business environment, creating quality job opportunities for national talent and supporting the growth of a knowledge-based and innovation-driven economy.