Human papillomavirus (HPV): Transmission methods and the importance of vaccination for cancer prevention
In a significant medical warning coinciding with global efforts to raise awareness about reproductive health, Dr. Mohamed Fouad, a consultant in obstetrics, gynecology, and infertility, emphasized the need to be aware of the dangers of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. In statements to Al-Youm newspaper, Dr. Fouad stressed that this virus is not merely a passing infection, but a major cause of several types of cancer. He pointed out that the vaccine for HPV represents a revolution in the world of preventative medicine and one of the most important modern means of health protection.
Global context and silent risks
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection worldwide. Historically, the discovery of the direct link between this virus and cervical cancer marked a major turning point in modern medicine, leading to the development of vaccines that have significantly reduced infection rates in countries that have implemented national vaccination programs. Dr. Fouad explained that vaccines work proactively by preparing the immune system to recognize and fight the virus before it can cause cellular changes that may develop into malignant tumors.
Health complications beyond the cervix
The consultant explained that the virus's danger is not limited to women, but affects both sexes. While it is the leading cause of cervical and vaginal cancer, it can also lead to penile cancer in men, and cancers of the anus, mouth, and throat in both sexes, in addition to causing bothersome genital warts. He pointed out that most infected individuals may not show immediate symptoms, allowing the virus to spread silently. Therefore, vaccination remains the safest and most effective option for breaking the chain of infection.
Ease of transmission and the necessity of early immunization
Regarding the modes of transmission, Dr. Fouad corrected the common misconception that transmission requires full sexual intercourse, emphasizing that the virus is easily transmitted through direct skin-to-skin contact with the genitals or contact with mucous membranes. For this reason, doctors worldwide recommend receiving the vaccine at a young age (between 9 and 12 years old) to ensure strong immunity is developed before any potential exposure to the virus. He added that the vaccine remains beneficial up to the age of 26, but it does not treat existing infections; rather, it protects against future infections.
Vaccine safety and the importance of regular check-ups
Regarding concerns about side effects, Dr. Fouad reassured the public that the vaccine is very safe, and that side effects are usually mild and localized, such as redness or pain at the injection site. He refuted rumors linking it to serious neurological problems. He concluded by emphasizing that the vaccine does not eliminate the need for regular checkups; the Pap smear remains a mandatory procedure for the early detection of any abnormalities, thus increasing the chances of a full recovery and protecting the community from the consequences of these serious diseases.
