Healthy fasting during Ramadan for people with chronic diseases (diabetes and high blood pressure)
Essential preparations before Ramadan
As the holy month of Ramadan approaches, interest grows in how to balance observing the fast with maintaining stable health, especially for millions of Muslims worldwide who suffer from chronic illnesses. In this context, Dr. Rania Darwish, a family medicine consultant, emphasized that early health preparation is the cornerstone of a safe and comfortable fast. She stressed that visiting a doctor before the start of Ramadan is not a luxury but an absolute necessity for patients with diabetes, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol. This visit aims to develop a comprehensive treatment plan that includes adjusting medication schedules and dosages to accommodate the long fasting and non-fasting hours, thus preventing any serious health complications.
Historical context and modern health trend
Fasting during Ramadan is a fundamental pillar of Islam, a profound spiritual practice that has endured for centuries. Historically, the focus has been on the spiritual and devotional aspects. However, in modern times, with advancements in medical science, there is a deeper understanding of the physiological effects of fasting on the body. This development has prompted global and regional health organizations to intensify awareness campaigns, aiming to integrate sound health practices with religious observances. These efforts aim to enable individuals to fulfill their religious obligations without jeopardizing their health, reflecting the complementary religious and scientific perspectives on human well-being.
The health triad in Ramadan: nutrition, exercise, and sleep
Dr. Darwish explained that the key to emerging from Ramadan in better health rests on three main pillars:
1. Balanced nutrition:
She advised breaking the fast with three dates, which provide the body with a quick energy boost. It's best to eat them with a source of protein or healthy fats, such as milk or nuts, for balanced absorption. She also emphasized the importance of performing the Maghrib prayer before completing the main Iftar meal, to give the digestive system time to prepare. The main dish should be balanced, with half consisting of protein (meat, chicken, fish), a quarter of vegetables, and the final quarter of complex carbohydrates, to avoid sudden spikes in blood sugar and cholesterol.
2. Moderate physical activity:
Physical activity remains vital during Ramadan. The doctor recommends walking for at least half an hour, five days a week. However, timing is crucial, especially for diabetics who should avoid strenuous activity before Iftar to prevent hypoglycemia. The best times to exercise are two hours after Iftar, after Taraweeh prayers, or just before Suhoor.
3. Sufficient sleep:
Sleep is just as important as food and exercise. Dr. Rania emphasized the necessity of getting 6 to 8 hours of sleep daily, even if it's in short bursts. Adequate sleep plays a direct role in stabilizing hormones and vital signs, and positively impacts blood sugar and blood pressure levels.
Global importance and impact
These health guidelines are of paramount importance both locally and internationally. In countries like Saudi Arabia, health ministries launch intensive awareness campaigns to minimize health emergencies related to fasting. Globally, with over 1.8 billion Muslims, these guidelines empower Muslim communities everywhere to effectively manage their health, reducing the burden on healthcare systems and enhancing quality of life during the holy month. Adhering to these guidelines ensures that patients can observe an acceptable fast and enjoy a blessed Ramadan in good health and well-being.
