Eye allergies in summer: effective prevention and treatment methods
With the arrival of summer and the sharp rise in temperatures, complaints about vision problems and eye health increase, as eye allergies noticeably more prevalent among residents of Saudi Arabia during the summer months. In this context, Dr. Mohammed Nader Al-Sayed, a specialist in ophthalmology and eye surgery, warned in an interview with Al-Youm newspaper of the rising rates of eye allergies, medically known as allergic conjunctivitis, during this time of year. He attributed this primarily to the combined effects of extreme heat and the active dust storms that the region experiences.
The desert climate and its historical impact on eye health
Historically, the inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula have faced persistent health challenges related to the arid desert climate. Sandstorms and dust storms laden with fine particles are a common seasonal phenomenon, especially with the onset of the active summer winds known as the "Bawarih." This constant interaction between humans and the harsh environment has made seasonal eye diseases, particularly allergies and conjunctivitis, among the most frequent medical complaints recorded in the region's health records over the past decades. With urbanization and the increasing reliance on modern air conditioning systems, these challenges have been exacerbated by the sudden changes in temperature and humidity between indoor and outdoor environments.
Reasons for the spread of eye allergies in Riyadh during the summer
Dr. Al-Sayed explained that the desert climate prevalent in Riyadh creates a highly conducive environment for eye irritation and triggering allergies. This is due to the rapid evaporation of the protective tear film covering the eye's surface, caused by the extreme dryness and intense heat characteristic of summer in the central region.
The consultant also pointed out that air conditioning units, despite their necessity for cooling the atmosphere, play an indirect negative role; as they contribute to increasing the dryness of the air inside homes and offices, which weakens the eye’s natural defenses and makes it more susceptible to infections resulting from sandstorms and airborne pollen.
Clinical symptoms and the importance of accurate diagnosis
Regarding the clinical indicators of infection, Dr. Muhammad Nader explained that the symptoms usually consist of a persistent itching sensation, redness of the eyes, increased tear secretions, along with a burning sensation and slight swelling of the eyelids.
The specialist strongly warned against the dangers of self-diagnosis and using eye drops without medical consultation, given the significant overlap between the symptoms of eye allergies and dry eye caused by insufficient tear production. He emphasized the possibility of a patient suffering from both conditions simultaneously, necessitating a thorough medical examination to determine the appropriate treatment protocol and avoid complications.
Prevention and treatment methods to protect eyesight
To counter these risks and reduce the health burden resulting from frequent emergency room visits during the summer, Dr. El-Sayed called for the adoption of a strict preventative routine. This routine includes the regular use of preservative-free artificial tears to moisturize the eyes, wearing protective sunglasses that limit dust ingress, and regularly washing the face to remove irritants trapped in the eyelashes and around the eyes.
He also stressed the importance of completely avoiding rubbing the eyes and staying away from direct exposure to strong perfumes, while using humidifiers in enclosed spaces to reduce environmental dryness. Regarding treatment, he indicated that medical intervention primarily involves antihistamine eye drops, while corticosteroid eye drops are reserved for advanced cases and administered under close medical supervision to prevent an increase in intraocular pressure. He concluded by emphasizing the need to consult a doctor immediately if experiencing severe pain, photophobia, or a decrease in vision.
