Stages of development in pilgrims' communication with their families from the past to the present
The Hajj pilgrimage, traditionally considered one of the most arduous and spiritually enriching journeys, has witnessed radical transformations in transportation and communication over the centuries. In this context, Yousef Al-Khamis, Director of the Culture and Arts Association in Al-Ahsa Governorate, recounted the details of past Hajj journeys and the historical milestones of the caravans. He highlighted, in particular, how pilgrims communicated with their families, showcasing the tremendous evolution from primitive methods to the advanced technological services of the prosperous Saudi era. Al-Khamis emphasized the vast difference between the past and present, praising the tremendous efforts of the government of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques and his Crown Prince, which have made the Hajj journey safer, more comfortable, and more reassuring for the pilgrims.
The historical roots of pilgrimages and the challenges of the past
Throughout Islamic history, the Hajj pilgrimage has posed a significant challenge for Muslims from all corners of the earth. Caravans traversed thousands of kilometers across harsh terrain and arid deserts, relying on camels and horses. This historical context reflects the immense hardship endured by pilgrims, as the journey could last for many months and was fraught with danger. In those days, pilgrims would prepare for their journey well in advance, enlisting the help of Hajj caravan leaders and guides to organize travel along rugged, unpaved roads lacking basic services. Over time, transportation underwent major transformations, beginning with camel-riding journeys and transitioning, between the 1940s and 1960s, to lorries and wooden buses. This development reduced the journey time from approximately three months to about 25 days round trip, with provisions for partitions to ensure the privacy of women and families inside the vehicles.
The skill of tracking desert routes and assembly points
The caravans relied entirely on the expertise of their drivers and guides in navigating desert routes and locating wells. Intermittent rest camps were set up where pilgrims prepared their own food. Among the most prominent gathering points for pilgrims in Al-Ahsa was the area of Al-Mubarraz, whose name became synonymous with the emergence and settlement of caravans near water springs. Another notable gathering point was the "Horse Square" in Al-Hofuf, which received pilgrims from the Gulf Arab states, serving as an important regional departure point for the holy sites.
From the traditional mail to technology: A leap forward in pilgrims' communication with their families
Perhaps the most distinctive feature of the Hajj in the past was the farewell ritual, a blend of tears of joy at completing the pilgrimage and sadness and apprehension about the arduous journey. Simple celebrations were held, with religious chants and prayers recited, often with the participation of neighbors and community members. Regarding communication between pilgrims and their families, they would reassure their loved ones through messengers known as "al-Mursul" or "al-Matrash," who delivered both oral and written messages. This practice later evolved into the use of landline telephones, culminating in the current technological revolution of instant messaging applications and video calls, which allow pilgrims to maintain real-time contact with their families through both sound and image.
Regional and international dimensions of Hajj service development
This remarkable development in Hajj services has not only a local impact but also extends to regional and international dimensions. By harnessing the latest technologies and developing infrastructure, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has presented a global model for crowd management and facilitating the performance of rituals for millions of Muslims from around the world. This significant attention enhances the Kingdom's Islamic and international standing and underscores its leadership in serving the pilgrims. In this regard, the prominent role of the scout teams, which have a historic presence in serving the pilgrims, cannot be overlooked. They have contributed to guidance, organization, and facilitating the movement of pilgrims in the holy sites.
Return rituals and raising the green flag
On the return journey, the markets of Mecca would be bustling with pilgrims after the Farewell Tawaf, buying gifts and souvenirs to distribute to family, neighbors, and children. Families would raise a green flag above their homes as a customary signal of the pilgrim's imminent safe return, followed by celebrations and the offering of coffee and tea throughout the neighborhood. In conclusion, those who experienced Hajj in the past understand the remarkable transformation that has taken place today. The government has provided immense resources, including roads, technological services, and healthcare, making pilgrims feel completely at home due to the exceptional comfort and organization.
