Bone pain in winter: causes, most affected groups, and prevention tips

With the arrival of winter and the intensification of harsh cold waves, a large segment of the population complains of increased bone and joint pain, a common medical phenomenon that troubles many and negatively impacts their daily lives. Specialized consultants confirmed to Al-Youm newspaper that the drop in temperatures plays a major role in irritating tissues and joints, necessitating special preventative measures during this time of year.

Why does cold increase pain?

From a scientific and physiological perspective, the worsening of bone and joint pain in winter is linked to several factors. First, the drop in temperature causes blood vessels in the extremities to constrict—a defense mechanism the body uses to conserve heat in vital internal organs. This reduces blood flow to muscles and joints, leading to stiffness and pain. Second, the changes in atmospheric pressure associated with cold spells can cause slight expansion of the tissues surrounding the joints, increasing pressure on nerves and generating pain, especially in individuals with pre-existing conditions.

The groups most affected by cold waves

Although the cold can affect everyone, certain groups are more likely to suffer than others, including:

• Elderly people: as joint flexibility decreases and cartilage wears away with age, they become more sensitive to the cold.
• Patients with arthritis (rheumatism and rheumatoid arthritis): These are the most affected, as cold exacerbates inflammation and morning stiffness.
• Those with old injuries: People who have had fractures or bone surgeries in the past often feel pain in the injured areas when the cold intensifies.
• Patients with vitamin D deficiency: A deficiency in this vitamin exacerbates bone pain, which is common in winter due to limited sun exposure.

Medical advice for prevention and pain relief

To cope with these cold waves and minimize their impact on public health, doctors recommend following a preventative lifestyle that includes:

It is important to keep warm and wear cotton or wool clothing that retains body heat, especially around the knees and back. Light exercise at home is also recommended to improve blood circulation and relieve muscle stiffness. In addition, a healthy diet rich in calcium and vitamin D is essential, along with drinking plenty of water to prevent dehydration, which can affect cartilage elasticity.

Understanding the nature of the weather's impact on our bodies and taking proactive measures can greatly contribute to getting through winter with minimal pain and suffering, but it is essential to consult a specialist doctor if the pain persists or increases in severity to the point of hindering movement.