Chicken skin: genetic causes, treatment methods, and prevention

Skin health and beauty are priorities for many people worldwide, as the appearance of the skin reflects overall health and directly impacts self-confidence. In this context, some common skin conditions, while benign, can cause aesthetic and psychological distress. One of the most prominent of these is what is popularly known as "chicken skin" or scientifically as "keratosis pilaris," a widespread condition that raises many questions about its causes and treatment.

In an exclusive interview with Al-Youm newspaper, dermatologist Dr. Haitham Mahmoud Shawli shed light on this condition, emphasizing that keratosis pilaris is classified as a completely benign and non-serious skin disorder. He explained that the common term "chicken skin" comes from the rough appearance of the skin and the small bumps resembling the skin of a plucked bird, which can cause social embarrassment for some, especially when wearing summer or short clothing.

Biological mechanism and main causes

Dr. Shaouli explained the mechanism behind this disorder, stating that it results from the accumulation of keratin – the protein that protects the skin from harmful substances and infection – within the hair follicle openings. This accumulation leads to clogged pores and the formation of hard plugs that appear as small, rough bumps, often skin-colored or reddish-brown.

Regarding the causes, the doctor emphasized that genetics plays the largest and most significant role, with the likelihood of developing the condition increasing in individuals with a family history of the disease. The condition is also closely linked to dry skin and often coincides with other allergic skin conditions such as atopic eczema, making understanding the family's medical history an important part of the diagnosis.

Symptoms and misconceptions

Symptoms of keratosis pilaris vary from person to person, but generally include:

• The appearance of small, rough-textured grains resembling sandpaper.
• Noticeable dryness of the skin in the affected areas.
• There is a possibility of mild itching and uneven skin tone.

The infection is most often concentrated in specific areas such as the upper arms, thighs, and buttocks, and may appear on the cheeks in children. Addressing common misconceptions, Dr. Shaoli categorically denied that "chicken skin" is contagious, emphasizing that it is not transmitted through touch or sharing personal items, and that fears of infection are unfounded.

The effects of the seasons, methods of treatment and prevention

It is a well-established medical fact that this condition worsens during the winter months due to the low humidity, which exacerbates skin dryness, while symptoms may improve spontaneously in the summer. Regarding treatment, Dr. Shaouli explained that keratosis pilaris does not require radical treatment as much as it requires a consistent skincare routine to control symptoms and improve skin texture.

The doctor advised following these steps to cope with the condition:

• Intensive moisturizing: Use creams containing gentle chemical exfoliants such as urea, lactic acid, or salicylic acid to help soften bumps and remove dead skin cells.
• Gentle exfoliation: Exfoliate the skin regularly without harsh rubbing to avoid skin irritation.
• Avoid harmful habits: Stay away from harsh soaps and perfumed lotions, and use lukewarm water instead of very hot water while showering to preserve the skin's natural oils.

Dr. Haitham Shawli concluded his remarks by emphasizing that “chicken skin” is primarily a cosmetic condition, and can be lived with peacefully through patience, regular daily care, drinking sufficient amounts of water, and wearing cotton clothing that allows the skin to breathe. He pointed out that only severe cases may require medical intervention to prescribe stronger medical preparations.