Tips for dealing with dust storms and protecting the respiratory system

Saudi Arabia experiences severe weather fluctuations at various times of the year, characterized by strong surface winds that stir up dust and sand. These climatic phenomena are not merely weather changes, but pose a significant health challenge, especially for vulnerable groups such as those with asthma, sinusitis, the elderly, and children.

The nature of sandstorms and their environmental and health impacts

Sand and dust storms are a common feature of the climate in the Arab region and desert areas, typically intensifying during seasonal transitions. These winds carry very fine dust particles and suspended particles that can penetrate the respiratory system's natural barriers, irritating mucous membranes and exacerbating chronic conditions. The impact of these storms extends beyond health, significantly reducing horizontal visibility and necessitating extreme caution while traveling and driving.

The effect of dust on the respiratory system and eyes

The Saudi Ministry of Health confirmed that dust particles act as a strong irritant to the respiratory system, potentially triggering severe asthma and nasal allergy attacks. Direct exposure to dust can also lead to bacterial conjunctivitis, the symptoms of which include red, itchy eyes and excessive tearing. To prevent these complications, it is recommended to frequently wash the face and eyes with cold water to remove dust particles.

For people who have recently undergone eye or nose surgery, doctors stressed the need to avoid going out in such weather altogether, and the importance of wearing a plastic shield or protective glasses when absolutely necessary to prevent infections that could affect the results of the surgery.

Preventive guidelines for asthma and allergy patients

Given the potential risks, experts recommend following a set of strict preventive measures to minimize harm:

• Stay indoors: Avoid leaving the house except when absolutely necessary, and make sure to keep windows and doors tightly closed to prevent dust from entering.
• Use of face masks: If you have to go out, you should wear high-efficiency medical masks or a face mask, and change them regularly.
• Treatment plan: Asthma patients should ensure they have access to rapid-relief inhalers (bronchodilator) and check their expiry date, while adhering to preventive inhalers as prescribed by the doctor.
• Personal and household hygiene: Pay attention to cleaning bedrooms, blankets and mattresses well to get rid of dust particles that may irritate the airways during sleep.

General safety tips while driving

The risks extend beyond physical health to include road safety. Therefore, drivers are advised to keep their vehicle windows tightly closed while driving in dusty conditions and to use the air conditioning on its "recirculation" setting to prevent dust from entering. It is also essential to continuously monitor alerts issued by the National Center of Meteorology to stay informed about weather developments and to avoid areas experiencing reduced visibility.

In conclusion, awareness and prior preparation are the first line of defense against the dangers of dust storms. If you experience severe shortness of breath or any unusual symptoms, you should immediately go to the nearest health center or emergency department to receive the necessary care.